Improvement in cooking stoves and ranges



l R. vE. DIEANE.r Cooking Stove andlRange. y No. 40,399. l*

. 'Patented oct. l27. 1353.

NTTED STATES PATENT M' OFFICE.

ROYAL E. DEANE, yOE NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN COOKING sTOx/Es AND RANGES.

Specification forming` part of Letters Patent No. 40,399, dated October 27, 1863.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROYAL EDEANE, of the State, city, and county of N ew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooking-Ranges; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, wherein v Figure l is a top view of the range. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is an interior end view showing the grate in section and the water-heater. Fig. 4 shows the grate in reverse position, (vertical.) Fig. 5 shows the same in same position, (horizontal,) as hereinafter further explained.

The letters and numbers of reference correspond in all the gures.

My said improvements relate to four principal features or functions of the cookingrange-viz., the adaptation of the fire to the purpose of baking, the adaptation of the iire to the purposes of broiling and roasting, the mode or means of heating water, and the mode or means of supporting the top or hot plate.

With regard to the two functions first above named there are, as ranges are now made, two sorts or modes of construction, arising from the fact that the requirements for the proper performance of either of said functions are exactly the reverse of those best adapted to the other Thus the range best adapted to roasting and broiling before the iire has an open grate lwith the lire, as it were, all front, and the back, made or lined with tire-brick or the like, slopes forward toward toward the bottom, so as to reduce the space or area through which the air enters the re from below. This construction consumes the more fuel on account of the required large exposed nre-surface in front; but in the range best adapted to baking and other operations carried on within the grate has a closed front. The iire required is smaller and farther back toward the center of the range, so that the heat may readily be distributed around and over the ovens and water-heater. The latter construction, having no large exposed fire-surface in front, is altogether the more econom-V ical of fuel, (for the fire may be small, comparatively, and yet for the last-named purposes entirely efiicient,) and therefore, except for broiling, 8vo., before the fire, almost always receives the preference.

Now, the object of the first part of my invention is to produce a range that is perfectly adapted to both the above opposite requirements, thus combining advantages heretofore only obtained from two or more sorts of construction in one and the same range.l To this end I construct the grate B of a circular form, or, in other words, like a short cylinder set vertically in the range, and so-that a part crops out from the front. One side (or the front) of the grate-is made as usual 5 but the other side (or back) is closed and protected with a thick lining of fire-brick, 4-it may be to the extent of, say, one fth or fourth the area of the grate-sloping forward toward the bottom, corresponding generally with the construction above described as best adapted to roasting, broiling, Sto., before the iire. Said grate or lire-pot has a projecting ilan'ge or rim, d, at the top, which rim rests on a ledge, e, of an annular or other proper form surrounding the tire-pot. When, therefore, the range is not required, especially for roasting, but rather for baking', the operator may reverse the position of the iire-pot by turning the same half around horizontally. This effectually closes up the front, and at the same time carries the fire farther back toward the rear. The tire may now be diminished, as before stated, and thus is provided the sort of construction and requirements, hereinbefore alluded to, as best adapted to the operations of baking, heating water, &c., and as most economical of fuel. The first position of the grate (front open) is seen in Figs. l and 2. The second or reverse position is shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

` 4 The mode of turning the grate is not material to this invention. It may be done by an instrument in thehand of the operator acting on studs on the grate, or it may be turned by a crank on the outside of the range communieating with the grate by any mechanicalmeans with which those versed in the art are familiar.

The second part of my invention concerns the remaining two functions first above enumerated-viz., heating water and supporting the top or hot plate; andthis relates principally to the class of larger ranges used by hotels,`

restaurants, and steainboats, but is applicable to ranges in general which use a water-heater.

In most ranges, especially the larger ones, (many of which use no pot-holes,) the top A (see drawings) is often heated to a red and even a white heat, and therefore requires articial support in order to sustain the weight of culinary utensils placed thereon. At present there may be said to be two principal modes of providing this support. In one mode it is accomplished from without the range. A rod is attached to a part of the Ltop and fixed to some device above. The other mode consists in the use of channels cast with and formi ing part of the top, and otherwise arranged so as to have water circulating in the said top or hot plate. The first of these `I nodesvis very .objectionable by reason of its ineumbrance of the top, `so yas to interfere with the culinary operations, andthe second has this objection-` viz., that the stratum of water which is introduced into the top or hot plate, by preventing the same from acquiring a high degree of heat, necessarily renders unavailable, 'to' a greater or less extent, that very part of the top or hot plate which, under other circum-y stances is, assuch, the most efficient.

My presentinvention is designed to afford a perfect support to the top or hot plate by means whichv leave the entire under side of said top exposed to the heat beneath, andthe whole upper side' thereof unobstructed and everywhere available as a hot plate for cookl.

ing purposes, as usual, and my said 'invention therefore consistsin providing an independent support, consisting of a cross bar, Such crossbar is arranged beneath the top or hot plate, A, immediately over the fire, and usually in such a position as to leave Va clear space between it and the hot plate (seen lin Fig. 3) forthe play ofthe heat, audit may or may not extend entirely across. Upon said cross-har I hay-e one or more small studs or projections,'1, reaching upto the top A andv vfor the reception and discharge of water, so

,as to ,Cause a Circulation of wate in said cross bar.I Thus it also becomes a competent means of heating water, and renders the use of a water-.back unnecessary. In making this independent support for the top or hot plate, I

do not confine myself to form. For example,

the cross-bar may have such form that its transverse section would be round, D, 0r oval, C?, 0r .three-sidd, A. Immun be plfwsl nearer the r@ 01 arthr fromit Nor del 0.0115116 irnysu' to the precise Adetail ,of .construction herein. spesifled of the grate llrinbfor@ .de scribed, so long as .the is made and ,Quer- 4ated substantially as set forth.

:What- I alain; vas my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, jis- 1- The ,@.Qmbinatiom with a cookies-range, of a reversible grate, ostruted and Onsratd substantially as and fer .the purposes summed.

2l' The ereployulntof .indspsndensupport for the tOpOr het platanes stieg of the {cross-,bar or its equivalent, .as des. l rbeid, .Whse 4constructed essentially as rser frfll, @Si Pif()- teeted by a ciroulatipn ef water within, sul@` .stands-llt' as and f9.1 the rurrsss spnied ROYAL n. Duane. Witnesses HARRY SMITH, GEO- G .BRQQKs- 

